Pharmacological profile of Cymbopogan Citratus: A review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47957/ijpda.v12i3.605Keywords:
Cymbopogoncitratus, anti-carcinogenic, anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-nociceptive and neurobehavioralAbstract
Cymbopogoncitratus is an aromatic plant of Gramineae family well-known as lemon grass. Cymbopogon is derived from Greek word “kymbe – pogon” which means boat-beard. The lemon-like scent could be ascribed to the existence of a cyclic monoterpene (citral). The herb is a perennial grass, native and distributed in Asia, Africa, South and North America. It contains considerable group of flavonoids, essential oils, phenolic compounds and other phytochemical constituents which possesses pharmacological activities such as anti-obesity, anti-carcinogenic, anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-nociceptive, anti-oxidants anti-diarrheal, and anti-inflammatory properties which could enhance health.It has also been known to restrain platelet composition, cure diabetes, gastrointestinal infections, anxiety or depression, malaria and pneumonia. Industrially, they serve as additive, flavour, insecticides and preservative in beverages, baked foods and cuisines. The essential oil of the plant is used in aromatherapy. The compounds identified in Cymbopogoncitratus are mainly terpenes, alcohols, ketones, aldehyde and esters. Some of the reported phytoconstituents are essential oils that contain Citral ?, Citral ?, NerolGeraniol, Citronellal, Terpinolene, Geranyl acetate, Myrecene and TerpinolMethylheptenone. The plant also contains reported phytoconstituents such as flavonoids and phenolic compounds, which consist of luteolin, isoorientin 2’-O-rhamnoside, quercetin, kaempferol and apiginin. Studies indicate that Cymbopogoncitratus possesses various pharmacological activities such as anti-amoebic, antibacterial, antidiarrheal, antifilarial, antifungal and anti-inflammatory properties. Various other effects like antimalarial, antimutagenicity, antimycobacterial, antioxidants, hypoglycemic and neurobehaviorial have also been studied. These results are very encouraging and indicate that this herb should be studied more extensively to confirm these results and reveal other potential therapeutic effects.
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